![]() All scales had moderate sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratios for diagnosing ADHD. The reference standard was a clinical examination performed by a qualified professional using diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), 3rd or 4th ed., and corresponding diagnosis codes from the International Classification of Diseases, 9th or 10th revision. In addition to the CBCL-AP (14 studies) and the three versions of the CRS-R, the Conners Parent Rating Scale–Revised short form (four studies), the Conners Teacher Rating Scale–Revised short form (five studies), and the Conners Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire (five studies) were evaluated. 1 Patients had all three types of ADHD: predominantly hyperactive/impulsive, predominantly inattentive, and combined. A 2016 meta-analysis of 25 cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies evaluated the accuracy of the Child Behavior Checklist–Attention Problem Scale (CBCL-AP) and three versions of the Conners Rating Scales–Revised (CRS-R) for diagnosing ADHD in children and adolescents three to 18 years of age.
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